Huawei Cloud Swr Image Management

Huawei Cloud SWR Image Management

Overview

This skill provides lifecycle management capabilities for Huawei Cloud SWR (Software Repository for Container) images using the hcloud CLI.

Architecture: hcloud CLI → SWR Service API → Namespace/Repository/Tag/Auth/Quota resources

Related Skills:

• huawei-cloud-swr-image-governance - Image governance (permissions, retention, sharing, tags, immutable rules)

• huawei-cloud-swr-image-automation - Image automation ops (sync, triggers, domains)

• huawei-cloud-swr-enterprise-instance - Enterprise instance management

• Create and manage SWR namespaces (organizations)

• Create and manage image repositories with public/private settings

• Query and manage image tags/versions

• Obtain docker login credentials (temporary and long-term)

• Check SWR resource quotas

Typical Use Cases:

• "Create a SWR namespace for my project"
• "List all image repositories in namespace 'group-dev'"
• "Query image tags for repository 'nginx' in namespace 'group-dev'"
• "Get docker login command for SWR"
• "Delete an old image tag to clean up storage"
• "Check my SWR quota usage"
• "Create a private repository for my custom image"
• "Update repository description and visibility"

Prerequisites

1. hcloud CLI Requirements (MANDATORY)

• hcloud CLI installed (version >= 7.2.2)
• Run hcloud version to verify installation
• First-time usage: printf "y\n" | hcloud version to accept privacy statement

2. Credential Configuration

• Valid Huawei Cloud credentials (AK/SK mode)
• Security Rules:
  • 🚫 Never expose AK/SK values in code, conversation, or commands
  • 🚫 Never use echo $HUAWEI_CLOUD_AK or echo $HUAWEI_CLOUD_SK to check credentials
  • ✅ Use environment variables: HUAWEI_CLOUD_AK, HUAWEI_CLOUD_SK, HUAWEI_CLOUD_REGION
  • ✅ Prefer IAM users over root account for cloud operations
  • ✅ Enable MFA for sensitive operations

Configuration Method (Environment Variables Only):

export HUAWEI_CLOUD_AK=
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_SK=
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_REGION=cn-north-4

⚠️ Important Security Notes:

• Never commit credentials to version control
• Use IAM users with minimal required permissions
• Enable MFA for sensitive operations
• Rotate AK/SK regularly

3. IAM Permission Requirements

See IAM Permission Policies for complete policy JSON.

Permission Failure Handling:

1. When any command fails due to permission errors, read references/iam-policies.md
2. Display the required permission list and policy JSON to the user
3. Guide the user to create a custom policy in the IAM console and grant authorization
4. Pause execution and wait for user confirmation that permissions have been granted

Core Commands

1. Namespace (Organization) Management

See Task: Namespace Management for detailed workflows.

# List all namespaces
hcloud SWR ListNamespaces --cli-region=cn-north-4

# List namespaces with filter
hcloud SWR ListNamespaces --filter="namespace::group-dev|mode::visible" --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Show namespace details
hcloud SWR ShowNamespace --namespace=group-dev --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Create a namespace
hcloud SWR CreateNamespace --namespace=group-dev --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Delete a namespace (CAUTION: removes all repos under it)
hcloud SWR DeleteNamespaces --namespace=group-dev --cli-region=cn-north-4

Namespace Naming Rules:

• Start with lowercase letter
• Followed by lowercase letters, digits, dots, underscores, or hyphens
• Max 2 consecutive underscores
• Dots, underscores, hyphens cannot be directly connected
• End with lowercase letter or digit
• Length: 1-64 characters

2. Repository (Image Repository) Management

See Task: Repository Management for detailed workflows.

# List all repositories
hcloud SWR ListReposDetails --cli-region=cn-north-4

# List repositories in a namespace
hcloud SWR ListReposDetails --namespace=group-dev --cli-region=cn-north-4

# List repositories with pagination and sorting
hcloud SWR ListReposDetails --namespace=group-dev --limit=20 --offset=0 --order_column=updated_at --order_type=desc --cli-region=cn-north-4

# List repositories by category
hcloud SWR ListReposDetails --category=database --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Show repository details
hcloud SWR ShowRepository --namespace=group-dev --repository=nginx --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Create a repository
hcloud SWR CreateRepo --namespace=group-dev --repository=my-app --is_public=false --category=other --description="Custom app image" --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Update repository (change visibility, description, category)
hcloud SWR UpdateRepo --namespace=group-dev --repository=my-app --is_public=true --description="Updated description" --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Delete a repository (CAUTION: removes all image tags)
hcloud SWR DeleteRepo --namespace=group-dev --repository=my-app --cli-region=cn-north-4

Repository Naming Rules:

• Start with lowercase letter or digit
• Followed by lowercase letters, digits, dots, slashes, underscores, or hyphens
• Max 2 consecutive underscores
• Dots, slashes, underscores, hyphens cannot be directly connected
• End with lowercase letter or digit
• Length: 1-128 characters

Repository Categories: app_server, linux, framework_app, database, lang, other, windows, arm

3. Image Tag (Version) Management

See Task: Tag Management for detailed workflows.

# List all tags in a repository
hcloud SWR ListRepositoryTags --namespace=group-dev --repository=nginx --cli-region=cn-north-4

# List tags with pagination and sorting
hcloud SWR ListRepositoryTags --namespace=group-dev --repository=nginx --limit=50 --offset=0 --order_column=updated_at --order_type=desc --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Search for a specific tag
hcloud SWR ListRepositoryTags --namespace=group-dev --repository=nginx --filter="tag::v1.0" --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Show tag details (image digest, size, create time)
hcloud SWR ShowRepoTag --namespace=group-dev --repository=nginx --tag=v1.0 --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Create a tag (retag existing image)
hcloud SWR CreateRepoTag --namespace=group-dev --repository=nginx --source_tag=v1.0 --destination_tag=v1.0-stable --override=false --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Delete a tag (CAUTION: removes the image version permanently)
hcloud SWR DeleteRepoTag --namespace=group-dev --repository=nginx --tag=v1.0-old --cli-region=cn-north-4

4. Docker Login & Authentication

See Task: Auth Management for detailed workflows.

# Get temporary docker login credentials (valid for 12 hours)
hcloud SWR CreateAuthorizationToken --cli-region=cn-north-4

# Get long-term docker login credentials (valid for 1 year)
hcloud SWR CreateSecret --cli-region=cn-north-4

Response Format (verified against actual API):

The response returns a Docker auth config object:

{
  "auths": {
    "swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com": {
      "auth": "base64-encoded-auth-token"
    }
  }
}

• auths: Docker config auth object, registry host as key
• auth: Base64-encoded username:password string

Docker Login Command:

# Decode auth field: echo  | base64 -d → username:password
docker login -u  -p  swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com

5. Quota Management

See Task: Quota Management for detailed workflows.

# Check SWR quotas
hcloud SWR ListQuotas --cli-region=cn-north-4

Parameter Reference

Common Parameters

Namespace Parameters

Repository Parameters

Tag Parameters

Output Format

Namespace List

{
  "namespaces": [
    {
      "id": 3827347,
      "name": "group-dev",
      "creator_name": "user-name",
      "auth": 7,
      "access_user_count": 1,
      "repo_count": 2
    }
  ]
}

Repository List

Response is a flat JSON array (not wrapped in an object):

[
  {
    "name": "nginx",
    "category": "app_server",
    "description": "Nginx web server",
    "size": 268435456,
    "is_public": true,
    "num_images": 5,
    "num_download": 120,
    "path": "swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/group-dev/nginx",
    "internal_path": "swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/group-dev/nginx",
    "namespace": "group-dev",
    "domain_name": "user-name",
    "tags": ["v1.0", "v1.1", "latest"],
    "created_at": "2026-04-15T10:30:00Z",
    "updated_at": "2026-05-20T14:20:00Z",
    "logo": "",
    "url": "",
    "status": false,
    "total_range": 2
  }
]

Note: num_images is the tag count (not tag_count). tags is an array of tag name strings included directly in the repository listing.

Tag List

Response is a flat JSON array (not wrapped in an object):

[
  {
    "id": 32962315,
    "repo_id": 3374895,
    "Tag": "v1.0",
    "image_id": "f47c82866a20...",
    "digest": "sha256:c8cede14b121...",
    "schema": 2,
    "size": 134217728,
    "path": "swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/group-dev/nginx:v1.0",
    "internal_path": "swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/group-dev/nginx:v1.0",
    "is_trusted": false,
    "created": "2026-04-15T10:30:00Z",
    "updated": "2026-05-20T14:20:00Z",
    "domain_id": "xxx",
    "scanned": false,
    "tag_type": 0
  }
]

Note: Tag name field is Tag (capital T), timestamps use created/updated (not created_at/updated_at).

Show Repository Details

{
  "id": 3374887,
  "ns_id": 3827347,
  "name": "nginx",
  "category": "other",
  "creator_id": "05949eb5...",
  "creator_name": "user-name",
  "num_images": 17,
  "num_download": 35,
  "is_public": false,
  "path": "swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/group-dev/nginx",
  "created": "2026-03-26T07:42:40Z",
  "updated": "2026-05-06T09:22:11Z",
  "domain_id": "05949eb4...",
  "priority": 0
}

Note: ShowRepository uses created/updated and num_images — different from ListReposDetails which uses created_at/updated_at.

Auth Token Response

{
  "auths": {
    "swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com": {
      "auth": "base64-encoded-username:password"
    }
  }
}

Note: The auth field is base64-encoded. Decode it to get docker login credentials. This is a Docker config format, NOT a header+body response.

Quota List

{
  "quotas": [
    {
      "quota_key": "namespace",
      "quota_limit": 5,
      "used": 1,
      "unit": ""
    }
  ]
}

Note: Quotas are returned as an array of objects with quota_key/quota_limit/used/unit fields, not flat key-value pairs like namespace_limit/namespace_used.

Verification

See Verification Method for step-by-step verification.

Common Region IDs

Best Practices

1. Namespace Organization: Use descriptive namespace names following team/project naming (e.g., team-backend, proj-ai)
2. Repository Visibility: Set is_public=false for internal images; only set is_public=true for images intended for public sharing
3. Tag Naming Convention: Use semantic versioning (e.g., v1.0, v1.0-stable, latest) and avoid ambiguous tags
4. Regular Cleanup: Periodically delete outdated tags to manage storage quotas
5. Retag Instead of Re-push: Use CreateRepoTag to create version aliases rather than pushing the same image multiple times
6. Long-term Login for CI/CD: Use CreateSecret for automation pipelines; use CreateAuthorizationToken for temporary access
7. Delete with Caution: Deleting a namespace removes ALL repositories under it; deleting a repository removes ALL tags

Reference Documents

Notes

• Namespace deletion is irreversible — removes all repositories and images under it
• Repository deletion is irreversible — removes all image tags permanently
• Tag deletion is irreversible — the image version cannot be recovered
• AK/SK must never be hardcoded — credentials should only be obtained via environment variables
• hcloud CLI is the only supported method — all operations use hcloud SWR format
• Pagination required for large datasets — use --limit and --offset for repositories and tags listing

Common Pitfalls

See Common Pitfalls & Solutions for detailed troubleshooting guides.

Quick Reference: