诊断英文心理学论文 Results 部分的时态、语法与句法问题（一般过去时/现在时使用、主谓一致、冠词、句子片段、run-on sentence、平行结构），基于权威期刊论文提取的 examples 提供诊断依据与修改建议。当用户提供 Results 草稿要求检查时态/语法/句法并输出结构化诊断报告时使用。
设计与多媒体
discussion-grammar-diagnosis
试用Diagnose grammar in the Discussion of an English psychology research paper. Covers tense choice (Present Simple for permanent truths vs Past Simple for study-specific findings), subject-verb agreement, article usage, voice (active vs passive), and punctuation. Triggers on "check Discussion tense", "
它能做什么
Diagnose grammar in the Discussion of an English psychology research paper. Covers tense choice (Present Simple for permanent truths vs Past Simple for study-specific findings), subject-verb agreement, article usage, voice (active vs passive), and punctuation. Triggers on "check Discussion tense", "grammar check", "tense diagnosis", "Discussion 时态", "Discussion 语法", etc. Does NOT generate or rewrite prose.
技能文档
Discussion Grammar Diagnosis
Theory basis
Science Research Writing Unit 4.2.2 Q&A "Why is Sentence 2 in the Present Simple tense?" + "Why are Sentences 3 and 4 in the Past Simple tense?" + 4.5 (modal verb forms and tense).
Tense principles (the single biggest grammar issue in Discussion)
| Tense | Use in Discussion | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Permanent truths, generalisations, established facts | "Stress disrupts the intestinal barrier." |
| Past Simple | Study-specific findings (this paper) | "We found a significant difference..." |
| Present Perfect | Recently completed actions with present relevance (rare in Discussion) | "Several studies have investigated this question." |
| Modal + bare infinitive | Possibility / ability / recommendation (see Vocabulary skill) | "Stress may disrupt..." |
Tense reflects the writer's confidence:
- Present Simple = "I believe this is a permanent, independent truth"
- Past Simple = "this is what we observed in our study"
Self-check: Can you swap the verb between present and past without changing the claim? If yes, the tense choice encodes confidence, not time.
What this skill diagnoses
- Tense–claim alignment — Is the tense right for the writer's intended epistemic stance?
- Tense consistency — Same move (e.g., revisit results) should use consistent tense unless there's a deliberate epistemic shift.
- Subject-verb agreement — especially with long subjects (the results of the present study, the participants who completed the second task).
- Article usage — a / an / the / zero article, especially with abstract nouns (the result, a significant result, results).
- Voice — active vs passive; consistent choice within a sentence.
- Punctuation — comma splices, run-ons, missing commas in compound/complex sentences, consistent decimal/thousand separators.
Diagnostic signals
| Signal | Means |
|---|---|
| "Stress disrupted the intestinal barrier." (general claim, past tense) | Tense weakens claim — should be Present Simple |
| "The results of the present study suggests..." | Subject-verb agreement (study is singular; results is plural) |
| "It has been found that..." (no agent) | Unattributed passive — usually acceptable, but watch overuse |
| "a important finding" | Article error — should be "an" |
| "However the sample size was small" (no comma) | Punctuation — needs comma after "However" sentence-initial |
| Two independent clauses joined with comma only | Comma splice — needs semicolon, period, or conjunction |
Output format
## Grammar Diagnosis
### Tense
- Move-by-move tense audit (table)
- Tense-claim alignment issues
### Other grammar
- Subject-verb agreement: [list issues with sentence_ref]
- Article usage: [list]
- Voice: [list]
- Punctuation: [list]
### Top issues (severity: critical / major / minor)
1. ...
Cross-reference
- Modal verb forms (can/could/may/might/must/should + perfect) overlap with the Vocabulary skill. This skill handles the form; Vocabulary handles the appropriate usage for hedging.
Academic integrity
Does not generate or rewrite. Only diagnoses.
References (to be filled in Phase 2)
references/rubric.mdreferences/checklist.mdreferences/examples/
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